Which of the following best describes why endemic species are particularly vulnerable to extinction?
A.
They have restricted geographic ranges and are often adapted to specific habitats
B.
They have high genetic diversity and adaptability
C.
They are large-bodied animals with slow reproductive rates
D.
They are invasive species that outcompete native flora
Explanation
Why Correct: Endemic species have restricted geographic ranges and are adapted to specific habitats, making them highly vulnerable to habitat loss and climate change.
Distractor Analysis: High genetic diversity and adaptability generally reduce extinction risk, not increase it. Large body size and slow reproduction are traits of K-selected species, not a universal vulnerability for endemics. Invasive species are non-native and outcompete native species, the opposite of endemic vulnerability.
Takeaway: The Western Ghats in India are a biodiversity hotspot with high endemism, hosting over 7,400 species of flowering plants, of which 38% are endemic.