Later Mughals — Medieval Indian History

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Later Mughals

2 questions

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Q.1

WBCS Prelims 2010

Nadir Shah invaded India in the year

A. 1738 A.D.

B. 1739 A.D.

C. 1740 A.D.

D. 1741 A.D.

Explanation

Why Correct: Nadir Shah invaded India in 1739, defeating Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah at the Battle of Karnal and sacking Delhi.
Distractor Analysis: 1738 marks Nadir Shah's campaigns in Afghanistan before entering India. 1740 was the year after the invasion when Nadir Shah returned to Persia. 1741 saw no major invasion of India by Nadir Shah.
Takeaway: Nadir Shah took the Koh-i-Noor diamond and the Peacock Throne from Delhi, severely weakening the Mughal Empire.

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Q.2

WBCS Prelims 2004

Which Mughal emperor granted Diwani to the English East India Company?

A. Bahadur Shah II

B. Shah Alam II

C. Farrukhsiyar

D. Zehander Shah

Explanation

Why Correct: Shah Alam II granted the Diwani rights of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa to the East India Company through the Treaty of Allahabad in 1765.
Distractor Analysis: Bahadur Shah II was the last Mughal emperor who was exiled after the 1857 revolt. Farrukhsiyar granted the firman to the English East India Company in 1717, allowing duty-free trade. Zehander Shah was a Mughal emperor from 1707-1712 who faced succession conflicts.
Takeaway: The Treaty of Allahabad (1765) also granted the Nizamat (military defense) to Nawab of Bengal, creating the dual system of administration where the Company collected revenue while the Nawab maintained law and order.

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